Guide to Flags From Around The World

Guide to flags from around the world

People across the world have used flags and banners in a variety of shapes, styles and colors for over 5,000 years. Flags were probably first used during wars to identify the warring parties, but they were no doubt also used for religious ceremonies. The first flaglike objects were vexilloids, solid emblems in the shape of birds or abstract symbols that were carried high atop poles. Because they pointed upwards, towards the heavens, these vexilloids seemed to be invested with mystical powers that were believed to protect their owners and bring them victory. Although the Roman legions used vexilloids in the shape of eagles, they were also the first to use cloth banners.

The designs of most modern flags originated in the Middle Ages and were derived from the heraldry - the distinctive coats of arms - of kings and lords. Some of these coats of arms appear on modern flags, but because they are quite complex in their original form, many modern flags feature simplified versions. A motif that appears on many flags is the cross. This was the symbol that was used to unite the various European peoples who fought in the Crusades in the Holy Land during the 12th and 13th centuries. While this is an appropriate symbol for Christians, other religions, such as Islam, Judaism, or Buddhism, may use other emblems to express their faith.

National flags are a relatively recent development. A great many nations only emerged in their modern form during the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries - more new nations will probably be created in future.